| Official Post: I-Chan and Wen Pao Chu
I-Chan have been in existence in China for many years. I-Chan is actually the name
of the station or the building compound where the official courier and their horse rest.
The I-Chan (stations) was located at most of the major roads and the courier will travel
on horseback from one station to another until the destination for the mail is reached.
The courier might stay overnight in the station if the mail is not urgent and he might
change his horse at one of these stations and continue on his way. For urgent mail, the
courier or horse might be changed many times, so the mail could be carried and delivered
as quickly as possible. These mails is usually between government offices called
Yamen or the Imperial Court.
Wen Pao Chu or Official dispatch office was established in 1878 to handle mail between the
Chinese and Foreign legations in China. Later in the 19th Century, Wen Pao Chu
takes over some of the work done by I-Chan and handle mail between government offices.
Private
Post: Min-Chu
Operated by private letter companies and have also been in existence in China for
many years. The Min-Chu was very reliable and was trusted by the Chinese public and firms
alike and the Min-Chu was in existence until much later into the Republic of China.
Local
Post Office (1863-1896)
In 1863, the Shanghai Municipal Council established the Shanghai Local Post
Office.
It operated between south to Swatow, north to Tientsin and Peking and west up the Yangtze
River to Chungking. There is no valid reason to issue postage stamps as most of the mails
are subscribers mail and the Local Post was accused of issuing stamps for the need of
stamp collectors and supplement the Local Post System with extra revenue. While stamps
were issued since 1865, but because of the reason mentioned, these stamps are only
considered as souvenir and not legitimate postage stamps by many!
The
Customs Post (1863-1896)
Customs Post was established since 1863 for mail between diplomatic, consular and
Customs personnel and their families from Foreign Legations.
In early 1878, the Customs office opened the postal service to the public and stamps were
issued later that year. Only 3 sets of stamps were issued: Large Dragon, Small Dragon and
Dowager issues and these stamps were considered as the first 3 issues of China. The
Customs Postal Service continued to function until its replacement by the Imperial Post
Office in 1897.
Imperial
Post Office (1897-1911)
In March 1896, the Chinese government approved the set-up of a National Post
Office.
The Imperial Chinese Post Office inaugurated on the 2nd February 1897 and a new
silver Dollar currency was used. Initially, Customs issues were overprinted with the new
currency until new stamps were issued later that year.
In October 1911, Dr. Sun Yat-Sen overthrew the Imperial Dynasty and established the
Republic of China. Imperial China and the Imperial Post Office was dissolved in early
1912.
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